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Feb. 8, 1927. V E. F. SUTER ELECTRIC HEATER FOR WAVING 0E cunmnei THE HAIR Filed July9. 1925 Inventor Patented Feb. 8,1927. UNITED STATES 1,617,138 PATENT. OFFICE.

EUGENE rmcors some, or ennon, ENGLAND.

nLnornrc manna ron wnvine on CUBLING m HAIR.

- Application filed July 9, 1925, Serial No. 42,486, and in Great Britain June 18, 1925.

This invention relates to electricheaters for waving or curling the hair, by which in known manner'the appearance of naturall wavy hair is produced that is rendered more or less permanent.

The invention has among its objects to provide an improved construction of such heaters. i In such waving or curling the hair it is found that near the roots the hair is more resistant to the treatment than the hair near the tips, and according to the prior Patent No. 1,456,343 apparatus is disclosed in WhlCh the casing or heater is provided in relatively short and separate lengths or sections in line, and switches provided for the control of the passage of current through the resistance wire of the. respective sections, whereby the duration of the period of application of heat in the respective sectionsmay be independently determined.

The present invention has for a particular object to avoid thenecessity of the direct application of heat to the outermost part of the support upon which the tress of hair is wound and covered for the purpose of its treatment, and to apply heat to that part by conduction from the adjacent part of the heater in which heat is directly applied by means of the electric resistance wire. Bysuch means in a two section casing or heater of the kind referred to, only one section, namely, that which in' use is disposed near the head of the person undergoing treatment, is provided with electric resistance wire, while the inner metal ,lining or enclosing tube extends upwardly as aseparate or continuous tube to enclose the upper art of the support upon which the tress oi' hair to be waved or curled is tightly wound and encased within a moist sachet or covering as usual in the use of such electric heaters for the purpose indicated.

The invention comprises the features which are hereinatter described. Inthe accompanying drawing the invention is illustrated by way of example, in

which- Figure 1 is a sectional elevation of an electric heater constructed according to the invention, the section being taken on the line 11 of Figure 3.

Figure 2 is another sectional elevation cor-. res ending. to Figures 1 and 3 taken in a di erent plane to that of Figure 1, that is on the line 2-2 of Figure 3.

Figure 3 is a plan view corresponding to Figuresl and 2, and

Figure 4 is an elevation of a constructional modification.

In carryin the invention into effect according to t e construction illustrated in Figures 1, ,2 and 3, an electric heater is provided in general such as described in the specification of the prior patent hereinbefore referred to, except that the heater instead of being providedof two casings or sections in line with an electric resistance wire in each, only one such casing or section a is provided for the treatment by direct application of heat of the part of the tress of hair near the roots, the lower end a of which casing or section a may have a conical form, and the casing is mounted upon a ring or holder 6 of a nonconducting substance such as ebonite, bake-- lite or the like, so that thus inthe position of use the narrow end a of the conical outer part a of the casing a or the heater proper, within which the electric resistance wire 0 is mounted, is disposed beneath the non-conducting ring or holder b. The inner metal lining 03 within the casing extends upwardly as a separate tube 03, ex-

tending beyond the non-conducting ring 6 8 to an extent corresponding to the length of the support upon which the tress of hair to be treated is wound.

The casing or section a may conveniently be made of aluminium, and is constituted of the inner metal lining d, a ring 9 and the conical covering or outer part a The ring is tlghtly secured upon the metal lining d and' the outer part a may be secured to the means of cement. An outer layer 71 of mica encloses the turns of -the:resistance wire 0,

and is maintained in position by means of a binding wire In. A layer of asbestos sheeting may then be applied. The leads I to the resistance wire i are carried through insulating tubes m, m and these tubes pass through the larger metal tubes f, f advantageously-also of aluminium by which the ring 9 of the casing a is connected with the superposedlconcentric aluminium or other metal ring 72. secured to the end of the tube df also of aluminium or other metal. The

upper ends of the tubes m, m extend upwardly through holes provided for their reception in the insulating ring or holder 7). The'rings g and h are also connected at positions intermediate of the tubes 7, f, by the metal tubes f through which insulating tubes do not extend, and thus part of the heat imparted to the metal parts of the casing a is conducted to the ring it and to the tube d The ring or holder 7) is advantageously made in two parts, one of which, namely the ring proper, is provided in its upper part with an annular recessb adapted for the reception of a cap or cover 6 adapted to be secured to the peripheral wall of the ring proper by such means as screws b the cap extending upwardly and outwardly to form a lug b situated well above the casing a and away from the tube (2 so that the ln 6 may be held without inconvenience rom the heat of the casing a or of the tube d in the use of the heater. The cap or cover 6 is provided with holes through which the covered conductors '0 may extend into position in the annular recess beneath the cap or cover for connection to contact-screws b from which the leads Z extend. The casing a together with the ring it is secured beneath the ring or holder 6 by such means as screws 12.

The upwardly extending separate tube d may be brought close to the inner metal lining (Z of the heater and the distance apart may be varied as may be determined.

Thus it will be understood that part of the heat imparted by conduction to the metal parts of the casing a will be commimicated through the tubes f, f and f, f to the tube (1 and thus While heat is directly applied from the casing or heater a to that part-of the tress of hair near the roots, less heat will be imparted to the tress of hair near the upper part of the support which is surrounded by the tube (1, and thus the hair wound upon the support near the upper or outer end, by reason of its less resistant character will have been adequately treated when the treatment of the hair near the lower end and near the roots will have been indicated, such for example as by means of a connecting stance w tube of metal or other sub, may be of less ems-sectional area.

Accor to the modified construction illustrated in Figure 4, the inner tubular lining d of the heater or casing 41 extends -wardly extending tube 03 upwards beyond the, insulating ring or holder 1), whereby heat is directly conducted through the tube to its upward extension d. A circumferential series of holes d is advantageously provided in position immediately above the insulating ring or holder in order to reduce the cross section and thus to reduce the amount of heat conducted to the extension d of the tube, and in this way to avoid excessive heating of the less resistant part of the tress of hair surrounded by the extension al The construction of Figure 4 may otherwise be the same as that illustrated in Figures 1 to 3, except that the use of the ring h may be dispensed with, and the ring or holder 6 may be brought close to the upper part of the heater or casing a.

The upwardly extending tubular part, may if desired, be covered on its'outer surface with a non-conducting substance, but this is in general unnecessary, where radiation serves to avoid the maintenance of too high a temperature.

No limitation is imposed according to the invention to the disposition of the non-conducting ring or holder 6 with reference to the casing a or the heater proper and the'up I claim: a

1. An electric heater for waving or curling the hair, consistingof electrical heat-ing elements, a casing for the said elements comprising an inner metal lining upon which the said elements are mounted, a tubular metal part in alignment with the said casing, and means for connecting the said inner m etal lining and the said tubular metal part, said means servin for conducting some part of the heat avai able from the inner metal lining to the said tubular described.

2. An electric'heater for waving or curlpart, substantially as ing the hair, consistingof electrical heating elements, a casing for the said elements compr sing h sald e ements are mounted, a tubular metal part in alignment with the said inner metal lining but separate therefrom and extending an inner metal lining upon which thebeyond the said casing, means compris' a metal ring surrouding and in contact with the lower end of the said tubular metal part, and comprising also metal tubes extending between the sald casing and the said metal ring for connectingfhe said inner metal liliing and the said tu ular metal part, the said means se for conducting some part of the heat av able from the inner metal lining tothe said tubular part, substantiall asdescribed 3. An electric heater for waving or curling the hair, consisting of electrical heating elements, a casing for the said elements com an inner metal lining'upon which the 1 2? said ements are mounted, a non-conduc holder by which the said casing may b'e'hel and through which current is supplied to the said heating elements, the said holder having an outwardly and upwardly extending part by means of which the holder may be held, a tubular metal part in alignment with the said inner metal lining and extending' beyond the said casing, and means for conducting heat from some part of the said casing to the said tubular part, substantially as described. 4

'4. An electric heater for waving or curling the hair, consisting of electrical heating elements, a casing for the said elements comprising an inner metal lining upon which the said elements are mounted, a non-conducting holder by which the said casing may be held and through which current is supplied to the said heating elements, said holder being formed in two parts, one of which fits upon the other, 'and is provided with holes through which the conductors pass, a tubular metal part in alignment with the said inner metal lining and extending beyond the said casing, and means for conducting heat from some part of the said casing to the said tubular part, substantially as described.

' EUGENE FRANQOIS SUTER. 

